Thursday, August 21, 2014

#Transformed

I had every intention of writing the next blog post about backward design. But a funny thing happened on the way to the keyboard...

Two different professional learning opportunities were experienced by me, and truly transformed not only me but everyone around me who were there. Merely writing about them seems too one-dimensional, so I've decided to use the tweets I sent out to best describe them in "real time."

Going to be a day with

Dr. Robert Marzano was the speaker on day 2 of Grand Valley State University's "Wildly Exciting" education conference. Even as this was tweeted, I wasn't too sure what to expect. But very quickly, the whole ballroom learned that Dr. Marzano is funny, engaging, disarming, and practical. Moreover, he is decidedly pro-teacher.

"If you're not bringing your self into the classroom you're not being fair to your students."

As Dr. Marzano walked the conferees through the Instructional Framework, he stressed the "art" of teaching. In Michigan, unfortunately, the state-mandated evaluation process leads some teachers to believe that teaching has become all about the "science" of measuring student growth. Dr. Marzano was emphatic that his model is far more about developing teachers and helping them grow, which in turn will lead to higher student achievement. As our district moves into intentional planning and collaboration this year (Domains 2 and 4) as means to bring Domain 1 to life, this was a great message to hear.

My aha moment - teacher candidates should ask interviewers how their school will help candidate grow and develop
This was in response to Dr. Marzano speaking about the need to grow teachers' capacity as professionals, and the collective responsibility we share as a profession. As a young lawyer, I had a great mentor who reviewed all my files with me on a weekly basis, looked over any court pleadings before I filed them, and went to court with me on occasion. It wasn't because he didn't trust me, but rather, he believed that he and everyone else at our firm had a professional responsibility to and for me. And this was in a profession where we had billable hour requirements that none of these activities would qualify for, so it meant "extra" work for both of us. Even though I have not actively practiced law in thirteen years, and this experience was in the early 1990s, my mentor is still a trusted friend.

"Assess more, test less" Dr. Bob

Let's stick with the legal business for one more moment. There's a Latin saying in the law, "res ipsa loquitur" - the thing speaks for itself. We'll just leave it at that.

As our day concluded, many conferees were asking Dr. Marzano to sign books or take pictures.  Here is one of him with our rock stars, Michelle Becker and Margie Fellinger:




As if that weren't enough, the following 3 days were spent with Becky and Rick DuFour and the amazing team from Solution Tree at a PLC at Work Institute.  Approximately one thousand attendees gathered, and from FHPS we were represented by all of our principals, a teacher rep from each school, and 5 members of the Instruction Office.

Aligning what we say with what we do every day in our schools

This is the bedrock of building the collaborative culture of a professional learning community.  Becky DuFour was clear that it is a balance of strong administrative leadership and teacher empowerment. In fact, it perfectly aligns with Dr. Marzano's work around "defined autonomy" - the freedom to act and lead within clearly articulated boundaries.

A great team has a palpable sense of "we"


The DuFours define "team" as a "group of people working interdependently to achieve a common goal for which members are mutually accountable."  Not only does everyone need to be in the boat, pulling their oar in the same direction, but they must also be sitting in the right seat that takes advantage of the strengths they bring to the team.

Only teachers have the power to ensure delivery of a guaranteed and viable curriculum

This is why teachers must be provided with time and space to collaborate or "co-labor". In fact, within the PLC model, the DuFours speak of collaboration as a "systematic process in which we work together interdependently to analyze and impact professional practice in order to improve our individual and collective results." Within that process, the team continually asks themselves the four critical questions, based on the belief that all kids can learn: 1) What is it we expect them to learn? 2) How will we know when they have learned it? 3) How will we respond when they don't learn? 4) How will we respond when they already know it?

Collaboration by invitation won't work

No one gets to opt out of the team process; smaller groups of people are a "seductive shortcut" that undermines the PLC process. This needs to be remembered this year as we bring Domains 2 and 4 forward.

Why before how

Before we can focus on "how" we will collaborate, we need to make sure we know "why" we are collaborating. Our fundamental purpose is to help all kids learn at high levels, and if we don't, there are serious implications. We must prepare kids for their future, not our past. Kids who don't learn how to learn will not succeed in our country's economy, nor have access to the American dream. We must own that our current system is not firing on all cylinders, and we will continue to fall behind the rest of the world in critical areas.

"There's no spot on our journey called 'good enough'." Marc Johnson

Marc is the superintendent of Sanger Unified School District in the San Joaquin Valley in California. The district has ten thousand plus students, with large groups of second language learners, children from poverty, and minorities. Ten years ago, Sanger was listed as a Program Initiative District due to low performance in the ELL group.  By 2006, it exited its status because of continued student achievement in the ELL group and all groups, and continues to grow student achievement through the PLC process. PLCs are not a weekly meeting or a one-time event; they are an ongoing process that never ends.

"When you take away the work, you take away the learning." Tim Kanold

Tim was the past director of math and science at Adlai E. Stevenson High School, where he taught for many years. This quote was in response to an audience question about his experience as a teacher in the PLC process. Tim acknowledged that the work is hard, but if we believe that all kids can learn, it is the necessary work to help teachers grow and learn so that they can best serve all kids. In other words, leaders who try to take this work away from teachers, ostensibly to "help" them, actually harm teachers.

"Every person who enters the field of education has both an opportunity and an obligation to be a leader." Rick

Rick's keynote address -- "Leaders Wanted" -- began our second day of learning. I was so engrossed in this presentation (and a later one in the afternoon), I tweeted only twice that day. This first tweet was based on Rick's belief that school leadership is not only open to everyone, it is the professional responsibility of everyone. Leadership cannot be based on a hierarchical position because no single person has all the expertise, skill, or energy to do it all. Obviously, there are levels of leadership within a school district: "1) a central office team that speaks with one voice; 2) principals who distribute shared leadership through a guiding coalition and opportunities for teacher leadership; and 3) teachers who work in collaborative teams that demonstrate situational leadership and take collective responsibility for student learning."

"Let's remove the phrase 'I'm just a teacher' from our profession." Rick

This statement received a loud ovation from the audience. As Rick elaborated, any obstacles encountered on the way to achieving the fundamental purpose of a school (all kids learning at high levels) via PLCs need solutions proposed and championed by teachers, and those teachers need to be provided resources and support for success from principals. The non-negotiable is student learning.

Working in collaborative teams to focus on learning is NOT a new "plate." It's the dishwasher to pull all plates in & clean them up.

Day 3 was a half-day, and the keynote was at the conclusion. I spent the first part of the morning with Tim Brown in a session entitled, "From Forming to Performing: What Does a Leadership Team Need to Know and Do?" There were so many great take-aways, but one of them was that a PLC is not another "initiative." As Tim rhetorically posed, "why or how is a focus on learning an 'initiative'? Why or how is working collaboratively an 'initiative'?" One of the slides in the learning materials contains a quote from Becky DuFour as to what a PLC is: "An ongoing process, in which educators work collaboratively, in recurring cycles of collective inquiry and action research, to achieve better results for the students they serve."

If we embrace that all students will succeed, learning must be a guarantee, not an invitation.

Our learning was brought to a rousing conclusion when everyone gathered together to listen to Anthony Muhammad, who was a teacher and principal in Michigan. As Jon Gregory later said to me, "I could have listened to him all day!" We have to embrace high levels of learning for all students as the reason our school exists, and as the non-negotiable responsibility of every single teacher within our school.

True PLCs mean we give up the rhetoric of equality & actually all do the work together to guarantee all kids learn.

Finally, no more excuses. Every student must be validated and affirmed, no matter the unique cultural norms each student comes in with.  As Dr. Muhammad writes in his book, The Will to Lead, the Skill to Teach, "respect and affirmation lead to achievement." Instead of trying to assimilate students into our antiquated, dominant culture of control, manipulation, standardization, and control that we were schooled in, we need to educate students in a new culture of liberation, development, creativity, and empowerment.


Thanks for reading, and please share your thoughts in the comment section. Excited to begin a new school year #transformed.


Monday, August 11, 2014

MythBusters: Intentional Planning

I wish I could say that this blog entry will be packed with the kind of science entertainment that you would see on Discovery Channel's "MythBusters." Alas, I am neither as talented nor as bright as Jamie and Adam. But, if you want to know more about Domain 2 of Dr. Robert Marzano's Instructional Framework (and let's be honest -- who doesn't?), read on.

As we enter year two of our three-year implementation of the Instructional Framework, the focus is on intentional planning.* Domain 2 poses the tenth and final design question: "What will I do to develop effective lessons organized into a cohesive unit?" Simply put, intentional planning is the "what, how, when, and why" that good teachers do to support student learning. Relying upon the research of Marzano and others, Bryan Goodwin writes in his book Simply Better: Doing What Matters Most To Change The Odds For Student Success (ASCD 2011) that intentional planning requires teachers to pose questions to themselves, such as: "Why am I giving a pop quiz? What am I hoping to learn about my students? Why am I breaking students into small groups? What am I hoping students will learn? Why am I giving a particular writing prompt? What am I hoping to have students demonstrate?" When we begin to be intentional in all that we do, we become more effective teachers and our students benefit.

To help us dip our collective toe into the water of intentional planning before the school year begins, on with the myth-busting:

Myth: It sounds great, but with everything else I have to do there is no time for intentional planning.
Reality: It does take time. But instead of viewing it as "more" time, think of it as "repurposed" time. Reflect upon how much time you currently spend planning, and repurpose that into intentional planning. Even if intentional planning results in additional time as you begin, your time will be more effectively and efficiently used.

Myth: I already intentionally plan -- take a look at my planner. I am being asked to start all over.
Reality: No. Just like you don't teach the same lessons in exactly the same way year in and year out, intentional planning helps you take what you already have and adjust it for the unique, new learners you have in front of you each day. Take what you already have -- it's a great start -- and look at it with the "what-how-when-why" mindset. Keep all that you can, tweak what must change, and create what you still need.

Myth: I can't do it alone.
Reality: You could, but you shouldn't. Intentional planing is best done through collaboration. What colleague(s) do you share a common planning period with? How might an instructional coach be of assistance? How might the instructional leaders in your school (e.g., principal, assistant principal, department chair, etc.) be of assistance? You don't have to go it alone.

Myth: I was just getting the hang of Domain 1. Moving to Domain 2 will confuse me and my students.
Reality: Domains 1 and 2 are interdependent. If you look at the eight (yes, eight -- not forty-one) elements of Domain 2, you will see that they infuse Domain 1. As an example, the first step of any intentional unit plan is to identify your learning goals for the unit, which relates to Domain 1, Element 1 (provide rigorous learning goals) and Domain 2, Element 44 (attention to established content standards). For a more in-depth look, read Chapter 10 of The Art and Science of Teaching (ASCD 2007), where Marzano provides examples of how Domains 1 and 2 seamlessly interact.


Remember, everyone is on this learning journey -- district staff, principals, teachers, and students. Not one of us is an expert, but collectively we will achieve our goal: all learners achieving individual potential.


J. Walton


*Intentional planning also supports the backward design process promoted by Jay McTighe and Grant Wiggins (also embedded within Marzano's Instructional Framework), and that process will be the subject of the next blog entry.